durena hy avaram karma buddhi-yogad dhananjaya buddhau saranam anviccha kripanah phala-hetavah (Bhagavad Gita, 2:49)   In the second chapter of Gita, Krishna called Arjuna, a Kripanah. A Common meaning for this word. Kripanah is one who is poor and destitute. But these words cannot be used to describe Arjuna. Arjuna was certainly not poor, nor was he destitute; in a worldly sense. Another meaning for the word Kripanah is miserly. That also does not describe Arjuna. What then, is the correct meaning of Kripanah when applied to Arjuna? Kripanah means devoid of judgement, unable to discriminate between what is real and what is unreal. It means ignorant. Arjuna was displaying ignorance. But it was not a worldly type of ignorance; it was an ignorance relating to the spiritual world. Arjuna had not developed his inner vision. In order to save him from all misunderstandings and confusion which will inevitably arise when there is a lack of inner vision, Krishna undertook to teach Arjuna the sacred knowledge of Atma, and to instruct him in the spiritual exercises which he had to practice in order to attain this higher wisdom. (DBG, pp. 205-206)